Table 14
Birth Defects by Detailed Diagnostic Code Group and Birth Year,
Michigan Resident Children Born in Michigan During 2008–2022,
Cases Diagnosed within One Year from Birth

Birth Defects

Diagnostic Grouping2008
to
2022		200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
A Central Nervous System (All) 8,021 428 380 385 377 422 459 549 537 662 499 670 710 701 639 603
  A01 Anencephalus 157 18 15 9 15 14 17 11 8 7 7 9 8 15 3 1
  A02 Spina Bifida w/o Anencephaly 646 65 36 47 42 47 41 43 45 33 47 36 44 50 35 35
  A03 Hydrocephalus w/o Spina Bifida 1,320 114 97 86 80 82 76 79 71 110 66 88 100 97 94 80
  A04 Encephalocele 149 11 10 3 7 13 10 7 16 15 8 13 11 11 11 3
  A05 Microcephalus 2,537 75 73 100 87 77 127 158 142 190 160 298 290 293 230 237
  A99 Other CNS Anomalies 4,507 230 210 198 210 265 245 320 351 452 299 314 367 357 360 329
B Eye (All) 5,577 271 231 234 240 203 352 403 362 306 358 514 536 472 538 557
  B01 Anopthalmos
/Micropthalmos 		231 16 11 11 16 8 15 9 12 24 20 22 15 19 17 16
  B02 Congenital Cataract 314 26 12 27 25 15 11 12 17 28 26 18 26 30 22 19
  B03 Aniridia 46 3 - 3 3 2 2 5 2 3 2 2 8 3 4 4
  B99 Other Eye Anomalies 5,193 242 215 206 205 183 330 384 336 276 331 492 504 445 514 530
C Ear, Face and Neck (All) 5,064 173 133 141 148 142 183 235 264 306 315 672 571 581 630 570
  C01 Anotia/Microtia 294 16 11 15 15 8 6 11 20 26 22 33 29 25 25 32
  C99 Other Ear, Face &
Neck Anomalies 		5,108 183 138 142 153 141 190 241 265 313 323 672 572 583 631 561
D Heart & Circulatory System (All) 41,964 2,464 2,015 1,870 2,028 2,159 2,140 2,634 2,037 2,739 2,560 4,039 4,106 3,715 3,817 3,641
  D01 Common Truncus 207 21 5 19 12 15 12 16 16 11 9 18 10 13 13 17
  D02 Transposition of Great
Vessels 		619 46 40 40 34 35 37 52 44 50 43 43 42 38 41 34
  D03 Tetralogy of Fallot 921 84 46 65 70 57 64 59 56 64 45 68 42 60 67 74
  D04 Ventricular Septal Defect 8,855 547 399 397 434 506 447 581 483 585 559 811 825 762 761 758
  D05 Atrial Septal Defect 26,503 1,169 979 898 1,136 1,225 1,162 1,632 1,234 1,789 1,707 2,774 2,889 2,651 2,734 2,524
  D06 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Endocardial Cushion Defect) 835 63 49 59 57 62 45 57 48 60 65 58 55 64 37 56
  D07 Pulmonary Valve
Atresi& Stenosis 		1,761 129 79 112 109 116 78 121 93 118 131 139 163 125 132 116
  D08 Tricuspid Valve
Atresi& Stenosis 		1,235 21 9 16 15 14 11 15 42 132 118 198 179 128 164 173
  D09 Ebstein's Anomaly 120 14 7 9 6 12 7 7 6 5 8 6 3 10 9 11
  D10 Aortic Valve Stenosis 354 32 20 16 22 21 14 22 20 31 26 29 24 21 34 22
  D11 Hypoplastic Left Heart
Syndrome 		671 48 54 27 41 54 47 48 33 47 35 51 53 43 43 47
  D12 Patent Ductus Arteriosis 12,878 842 611 577 721 690 555 983 681 1,006 841 1,218 1,293 933 945 982
  D13 Coarctation of Aorta 1,251 85 51 63 67 84 57 92 65 89 93 108 111 97 99 90
  D14 Pulmonary Artery Anomalies 3,247 243 219 172 117 35 24 23 116 214 200 389 419 368 367 341
  D15 Interrupted Aortic Arch 126 12 12 11 7 10 6 7 4 1 3 12 8 12 14 7
  D16 Total Anomalous Pulmonary
Venous Return (or connection) 		196 15 13 15 10 16 14 14 14 14 18 7 11 10 14 11
  D17 Double Outlet Right Ventricle 441 27 26 28 21 26 25 34 32 32 30 36 32 31 29 32
  D18 Common Ventricel 283 14 10 14 5 8 12 11 19 25 24 24 27 30 31 29
  D99 Other Heart &
Circulatory System
Anomalies 		13,407 877 715 655 612 658 646 826 575 724 709 1,264 1,238 1,211 1,356 1,341
E Respiratory System (All) 9,378 465 341 425 415 503 506 648 592 614 591 855 845 893 881 804
  E01 Lung Agenesis/
Hypoplasia 		1,186 64 78 103 67 60 59 101 52 87 57 82 107 85 103 81
  E02 Choanal Atresia 314 17 19 24 16 22 28 21 18 21 11 22 31 22 25 17
  E99 Other Respiratory
System Anomalies 		8,204 402 258 317 345 437 439 551 537 529 547 773 746 805 788 730
F Cleft Palate & Cleft Lip 2,769 185 214 163 164 156 168 191 204 174 179 209 186 212 186 178
  F01 Cleft Palate 952 91 101 71 62 60 88 93 65 37 41 52 58 49 44 40
  F02 Cleft Lip w & w/o Cleft Palate 1,688 117 123 116 120 109 96 116 117 91 100 131 104 128 118 102
G Upper Alimentary Caanal/
Digestive System (All) 		18,450 663 601 491 513 565 598 840 794 1,293 1,290 2,477 2,476 2,136 2,026 1,687
  G01 Esophageal Atresia/
Tracheoesophageal Fistula 		389 29 15 28 25 24 28 29 19 18 25 27 36 33 28 25
  G02 Rectal & Large Intestinal
Atresia/Stenosis 		718 55 47 51 58 45 66 49 36 51 40 42 59 44 47 28
  G03 Pyloric Stenosis 2,746 243 213 146 156 182 142 186 167 218 164 229 231 194 158 117
  G04 Hirshsprung's Disease
(congenital megacolon) 		490 35 22 44 41 30 31 33 26 26 33 32 44 41 26 26
  G05 Biliary Atresia 262 15 14 12 18 14 13 9 11 19 16 30 21 22 21 27
  G99 Other Upper
Alimentary Canal
/Digestive System Anomalies 		14,407 323 315 238 252 293 345 572 557 991 1,053 2,160 2,160 1,853 1,793 1,502
H Genital & Urinary Systems 31,051 1,508 1,182 1,109 1,523 1,522 1,720 2,052 1,702 1,921 1,933 3,044 3,024 2,989 2,977 2,845
  H01 Renal Agenesis/
Hypoplasia 		1,003 78 37 44 46 57 65 84 51 72 56 85 101 82 74 71
  H02 Bladder Exstrophy &
Cloacal Exstrophy 		44 2 3 4 1 – 4 3 4 1 2 1 7 7 3 2
  H03 Obstructive Genitourinary
Defects 		6,630 262 180 184 248 295 264 383 358 447 430 724 720 658 741 736
  H04 Hypospadias 6,550 432 345 338 432 335 397 478 373 443 394 537 528 521 558 439
  H05 Epispadias 182 ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– 4 18 11 30 42 17 31 29
  H99 Other Genital
& Urinary System
Anomalies 		20,317 856 691 630 905 953 1,094 1,249 1,056 1,229 1,331 2,128 2,074 2,170 2,013 1,938
I Musculoskeletal System (All) 44,913 1,684 1,377 1,720 1,901 2,336 2,569 2,850 2,751 2,947 3,214 5,049 4,442 4,262 3,879 3,932
  I01 Upper Limb Reduction
Deformities 		374 35 21 28 25 20 20 26 15 27 25 35 21 30 23 23
  I02 Lower Limb Reduction
Deformities 		247 17 23 16 14 18 12 18 8 17 16 23 20 16 17 12
  I03 Gastroschisis/
Omphalocele 		617 73 71 92 79 86 98 92 26 ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– –––
  I03a Exomphalos/
Omphalocele 		316 ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– 9 29 52 107 55 16 25 23
  I03b Gastroschisis 311 ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– 21 60 43 57 37 27 45 21
  I03c Prune Belly Syndrome,
Congenital Hernia of Bladder 		17 ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– 1 5 - 1 1 - 6 3
  I04 Congenital Hip Dislocation 947 129 126 105 120 95 61 55 44 21 24 30 47 27 41 22
  I05 Diaphragmatic Hernia 618 39 42 43 37 27 26 50 40 50 36 41 49 43 48 47
  I99 Other Musculoskeletal
System 		42,549 1,491 1,173 1,518 1,701 2,156 2,401 2,675 2,654 2,818 3,073 4,841 4,303 4,161 3,743 3,841
J Integument (All) 31,974 1,419 1,269 871 1,082 823 1,660 2,310 1,347 1,544 1,450 4,269 4,377 3,322 3,249 2,982
K Chromosomal Anomalies 4,201 238 213 226 235 231 234 250 233 275 327 355 351 364 344 325
  K01 Trisomy 13 112 7 6 6 10 9 8 9 5 6 7 6 9 11 5 8
  K02 Down Syndrome 2,059 136 106 138 129 130 128 137 114 137 177 150 153 145 146 133
  K03 Trisomy 18 228 15 17 9 16 14 16 15 23 11 10 20 17 21 16 8
  K99 Other Chromosomal
Anomalies 		1,929 83 87 78 101 93 97 97 96 125 141 190 182 196 181 182
L Other and Unspecified
Birth Defects 		25,057 211 157 1,874 1,808 2,067 2,133 2,555 691 2,398 2,825 3,692 3,547 380 369 350
                                

Table 14
Birth Defects by Detailed Diagnostic Code Group and Birth Year,
Michigan Resident Children Born in Michigan During 2008–2022,
Cases Diagnosed within One Year from Birth
(Continued)

Other Reportable Conditions

Diagnostic Grouping2008
to
2022		200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
M Infectious Conditions
Occurring in the Perinatal
Period 		1,059 59 61 45 46 63 60 79 57 61 47 78 84 95 99 125
  M01 Syphilis 309 28 25 9 8 12 18 25 13 15 9 16 20 38 34 39
  M02 Other Infections 756 31 37 36 38 52 42 54 44 46 38 63 64 57 67 87
N Familial/Congenital
Neoplasms 		163 13 5 6 9 7 12 9 14 7 18 13 14 13 10 13
O Endocrine/Metabolic
Disorders 		12,595 542 342 472 446 589 650 774 660 788 728 1,371 1,311 1,320 1,327 1,275
P Diseases of the Blood
& Blood Forming Organs 		5,657 296 216 288 319 331 341 440 450 398 408 514 508 486 328 334
Q Other Diseases of the
Central and Peripheral
Nervous System 		2,659 207 160 140 183 157 165 197 159 166 170 209 204 210 170 162
R Other Diseases of the Eye 4,646 213 169 163 170 147 287 315 359 369 359 455 436 421 400 383
S Hearing Deficiency 11,161 411 337 253 526 474 641 680 547 1,024 975 1,213 865 1,217 1,187 811
T Other Diseases of the
Heart & Circulatory System 		7,423 450 347 355 344 459 411 488 404 446 489 653 685 617 637 638
U Other Diseases of the
Gastrointestinal System 		19,767 784 457 561 589 710 861 1,094 1,506 1,746 1,661 2,511 2,151 1,892 1,624 1,620
V Other Diseases of the
Genital and Urinary Systems 		2,762 15 24 23 27 23 35 35 132 208 260 419 430 425 377 329
X Other Musculoskeletal
System Diseases 		16 – – 1 4 1 5 3 – 1 – – – – – 1
Y Maternal Exposures
Affecting Fetus 		19,202 282 190 226 328 348 319 596 1,355 4,519 2,148 3,424 1,829 1,398 1,254 986
  Y01 Newborn Affected by
Maternal use of Alcohol 		280 5 5 7 6 8 14 10 9 18 16 51 37 34 29 31
  Y02 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome 51 ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– ––– 1 4 12 7 7 9 3 2 6
  Y99 Other Maternal Exposures
Affecting the Fetus 		18,684 242 169 191 273 313 284 517 1,305 4,503 2,130 3,394 1,799 1,370 1,234 960
One or More
Reportable Diagnosis 		 243,897 9,881 7,920 9,357 10,450 11,310 12,992 15,446 12,755 18,383 17,083 26,273 24,352 20,321 19,314 17,971
                                

Notes:
Frequencies include all children reported with a birth defect who were born in Michigan and whose mother was a resident at the time of birth. This enables the calculation of birth defect prevalence rates. Birth defect statistics sometimes reflect trends related to data reporting or new testing. See Data Quality Considerations for further details.
Columns do not add to summary group totals, nor column totals, due to cases with multiple diagnosed conditions that cross diagnostic groupings
Conditions are reportable if identified within the first two years of a child's life. The prevalence frequencies in this table represent cases diagnosed within the first year of life.
Prior to October 2015, diagnoses were coded using the 9th revision to the International Classification of Diseases - ICD–9–CM.  (See Birth Defect Groups and ICD–9–CM Diagnosis Codes for the codes used to categorize birth defects.) After October 2015, the Birth Defect registry coded diagnoses using ICD–10–CM. (See Birth Defect Groups and ICD–10–CM Diagnosis Codes for the codes used to categorize birth defects.) Diagnostic Code Groupings used in analysis of birth defects are defined by the Centers for Disease Control.
Source: Michigan Birth Defects Registry, Division for Vital Records & Health Statistics, Michigan Department of Health & Human Services
Reports Processed through October 28, 2025

Last Updated on November 10th, 2025