Michigan Natatilty Statistics

Number of Low Birthweight Live Births by Race & Ancestry of Mother
and Kessner Index
Michigan 2022
Race & Ancestry of Mother	Kessner Index
Race & Ancestry of Mother	Total	Adequate	Intermediate	Inadequate
Total	9,242	5,713	2,441	1,088
White	5,536	3,563	1,388	585
Black	2,918	1,666	848	404
American Indian	97	46	31	20
Asian & Pacific Islander	433	298	107	28
All Other Races	163	99	35	29
Hispanic	560	298	153	109
Mid Easterner	326	226	66	34

Rate of Low Birthweight Live Births by Race & Ancestry of Mother
and Kessner Index
Michigan 2022
Race & Ancestry of Mother	Kessner Index
Race & Ancestry of Mother	Total	Adequate	Intermediate	Inadequate
Total	91.6	81.0	107.1	143.3
White	75.4	67.3	89.0	121.8
Black	155.2	142.5	167.8	197.1
American Indian	96.2	72.3	110.7	217.4
Asian & Pacific Islander	99.7	93.9	116.4	112.0
All Other Races	68.0	66.4	54.3	111.5
Hispanic	79.7	67.3	82.9	144.0
Mid Easterner	71.3	66.7	81.2	91.4

Live Births by Kessner Index
Michigan 2022
Race & Ancestry of Mother	Kessner Index
Race & Ancestry of Mother	Total	Adequate	Intermediate	Inadequate
Total	100,880	70,495	22,791	7,594
White	73,380	52,973	15,604	4,803
Black	18,798	11,695	5,053	2,050
American Indian	1,008	636	280	92
Asian & Pacific Islander	4,343	3,174	919	250
All Other Races	2,396	1,492	644	260
Hispanic	7,030	4,428	1,845	757
Mid Easterner	4,571	3,386	813	372

Notes:

Rates are per 1,000 live births.

Kessner Index: The Kessner Index is a classification of prenatal care based on the month of pregnancy in which prenatal care began, the number of prenatal visits and the length of pregnancy (i.e. for shorter pregnancies, fewer prenatal visits constitute adequate care.)

Kessner Index Measurement Definitions:

Adequate: Care that began within the first trimester and included an average of at least one or two additional prenatal visits per month of gestation, depending on the length of gestation.

Intermediate: Care that began during the second trimester of pregnancy with correspondingly fewer visits, or began during the first trimester but with fewer visits than would be appropriate for the length of gestation.

Inadequate: When no care was received or if care began during the third trimester. It is also inadequate if care began during the first or second trimester but less than five visits occurred, when the length of gestation was 34 weeks or more. When the length of gestation was less than 34 weeks, care is defined as inadequate when care began during the first or second trimester but a number of visits less that four occurred, that number depending on the actual weeks of gestation.

Records with unknown level of prenatal care are included only in the total row.

Low Birthweight: Live births weighing less than 2,500 grams.

Source: 2022 Geocoded Michigan Birth Certificate Registry.
Division for Vital Records & Health Statistics, Michigan Department of Health & Human Services