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Age-Adjusted and Age-Specific
Pneumonia and Influenza Mortality Rates
by Race and Sex
Michigan Residents, 1989-2009

All Races
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 92     1.4±0.3 356   13.2±1.4 1,092   174.1±10.3 1,540   13.9±0.7
2008 106     1.6±0.3 397   15.2±1.5 1,372   219.8±11.6 1,875   17.0±0.8
2007 78     1.1±0.3 304   12.0±1.3 1,251   200.1±11.1 1,633   14.9±0.7
2006 67     1.0±0.2 320   12.9±1.4 1,286   207.0±11.3 1,673   15.7±0.8
2005 107     1.5±0.3 332   13.9±1.5 1,516   234.1±11.8 1,955   17.9±0.8
2004 96     1.3±0.3 359   15.4±1.6 1,504   236.9±12.0 1,959   18.3±0.8
2003 119     1.7±0.3 354   15.4±1.6 1,459   237.6±12.2 1,932   18.9±0.8
2002 109     1.5±0.3 383   17.1±1.7 1,515   251.4±12.7 2,007   20.1±0.9
2001 151     2.1±0.3 393   17.9±1.8 1,519   256.7±12.9 2,064   21.1±0.9
2000 119     1.6±0.3 324   15.0±1.6 1,397   240.8±12.6 1,840   19.2±0.9
1999 131     1.8±0.3 378   18.2±1.8 1,783   308.4±14.3 2,292   24.1±1.0
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 153     2.1±0.3 607   29.7±2.4 2,336   413.6±16.8 3,096   33.2±1.2
1997 150     2.1±0.3 573   28.6±2.3 2,090   378.9±16.2 2,813   30.8±1.1
1996 186     2.6±0.4 616   31.3±2.5 2,206   411.6±17.2 3,010   33.7±1.2
1995 173     2.4±0.4 596   30.5±2.4 2,232   429.5±17.8 3,002   34.6±1.2
1994 170     2.4±0.4 587   30.3±2.5 2,120   418.4±17.8 2,877   33.9±1.2
1993 180     2.5±0.4 592   30.9±2.5 2,209   448.5±18.7 2,981   36.1±1.3
1992 152     2.1±0.3 584   30.8±2.5 1,961   409.8±18.1 2,697   33.4±1.3
1991 173     2.5±0.4 582   30.9±2.5 2,018   434.2±18.9 2,773   35.2±1.3
1990 139     2.0±0.3 578   30.8±2.5 2,146   474.2±20.1 2,863   37.6±1.4
1989 161     2.3±0.4 575   30.7±2.5 1,897   428.9±19.3 2,633   35.0±1.3

All Races, Male
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 47     1.4±0.4 192   14.8±2.1 503   209.9±18.3 742   17.5±1.3
2008 60     1.8±0.4 224   17.8±2.3 596   250.2±20.1 880   20.7±1.4
2007 45     1.3±0.4 169   13.8±2.1 546   229.6±19.3 760   18.4±1.3
2006 36     1.0±0.3 191   16.0±2.3 552   234.0±19.5 779   19.3±1.4
2005 58     1.6±0.4 184   16.1±2.3 635   257.5±20.0 877   21.3±1.4
2004 50     1.4±0.4 176   15.8±2.3 627   261.0±20.4 853   21.6±1.5
2003 62     1.7±0.4 205   18.6±2.6 575   250.0±20.4 842   22.0±1.5
2002 66     1.8±0.4 231   21.5±2.8 633   282.6±22.0 930   25.0±1.6
2001 85     2.3±0.5 224   21.3±2.8 640   293.4±22.7 950   26.2±1.7
2000 70     1.9±0.5 178   17.3±2.5 571   269.0±22.1 819   23.5±1.7
1999 76     2.1±0.5 207   20.9±2.9 740   362.0±26.1 1,023   30.7±1.9
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 89     2.5±0.5 379   39.1±3.9 974   488.8±30.7 1,442   43.3±2.3
1997 91     2.5±0.5 352   37.1±3.9 927   477.2±30.7 1,370   42.1±2.3
1996 107     3.0±0.6 365   39.4±4.0 937   497.4±31.8 1,410   44.4±2.4
1995 104     2.9±0.6 354   38.5±4.0 930   509.8±32.8 1,388   44.9±2.5
1994 97     2.7±0.5 362   39.9±4.1 925   519.7±33.5 1,384   45.6±2.5
1993 114     3.2±0.6 371   41.3±4.2 937   541.2±34.7 1,422   47.9±2.6
1992 83     2.3±0.5 358   40.5±4.2 867   515.1±34.3 1,308   45.1±2.6
1991 105     3.0±0.6 343   39.0±4.1 899   550.5±36.0 1,347   47.4±2.7
1990 78     2.2±0.5 372   42.6±4.3 943   592.7±37.8 1,393   51.3±2.8
1989 88     2.5±0.5 369   42.4±4.3 814   523.3±36.0 1,271   46.7±2.7

All Races, Female
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 45     1.4±0.4 164   11.8±1.8 589   151.9±12.3 798   11.7±0.8
2008 46     1.4±0.4 173   12.8±1.9 776   201.0±14.1 995   14.7±0.9
2007 33     1.0±0.3 135   10.3±1.7 705   182.0±13.4 873   12.9±0.9
2006 31     0.9±0.3 129   10.0±1.7 734   190.4±13.8 894   13.4±0.9
2005 49     1.4±0.4 148   11.9±1.9 881   219.7±14.5 1,078   15.7±1.0
2004 46     1.3±0.4 183   15.0±2.2 877   222.3±14.7 1,106   16.5±1.0
2003 57     1.6±0.4 149   12.5±2.0 884   230.2±15.2 1,090   16.8±1.0
2002 43     1.2±0.4 152   13.0±2.1 882   233.0±15.4 1,077   17.1±1.0
2001 66     1.8±0.4 169   14.7±2.2 879   235.3±15.6 1,114   18.0±1.1
2000 49     1.4±0.4 146   13.0±2.1 826   224.6±15.3 1,021   16.8±1.0
1999 55     1.5±0.4 171   15.6±2.3 1,042   278.9±16.9 1,268   20.6±1.1
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 64     1.8±0.4 228   21.2±2.8 1,362   372.6±19.8 1,654   27.3±1.3
1997 59     1.6±0.4 221   20.9±2.8 1,163   325.4±18.7 1,443   24.5±1.3
1996 79     2.2±0.5 251   24.1±3.0 1,269   365.1±20.1 1,600   27.8±1.4
1995 69     1.9±0.5 242   23.4±2.9 1,302   386.0±21.0 1,614   28.8±1.4
1994 73     2.0±0.5 225   21.9±2.9 1,195   363.6±20.6 1,493   27.3±1.4
1993 66     1.9±0.4 221   21.6±2.9 1,272   398.2±21.9 1,559   29.2±1.5
1992 69     1.9±0.5 226   22.4±2.9 1,094   352.6±20.9 1,389   26.8±1.4
1991 68     1.9±0.5 239   23.7±3.0 1,119   371.2±21.7 1,426   28.2±1.5
1990 61     1.7±0.4 206   20.6±2.8 1,200   408.9±23.1 1,467   30.0±1.5
1989 73     2.1±0.5 206   20.6±2.8 1,083   377.7±22.5 1,362   28.4±1.5

White
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 60     1.1±0.3 288   12.4±1.4 963   171.9±10.9 1,311   13.6±0.7
2008 61     1.1±0.3 280   12.5±1.5 1,206   216.1±12.2 1,547   16.2±0.8
2007 44     0.8±0.2 219   10.0±1.3 1,122   200.5±11.7 1,385   14.2±0.8
2006 43     0.8±0.2 256   12.0±1.5 1,154   207.3±12.0 1,453   15.3±0.8
2005 68     1.2±0.3 254   12.4±1.5 1,397   240.7±12.6 1,719   17.6±0.8
2004 55     1.0±0.3 275   13.6±1.6 1,359   238.6±12.7 1,689   17.7±0.8
2003 79     1.4±0.3 262   13.2±1.6 1,347   244.5±13.1 1,688   18.5±0.9
2002 67     1.2±0.3 303   15.6±1.8 1,382   255.3±13.5 1,752   19.6±0.9
2001 90     1.5±0.3 307   16.1±1.8 1,371   257.4±13.6 1,769   20.3±0.9
2000 59     1.0±0.3 244   13.1±1.6 1,278   244.3±13.4 1,581   18.5±0.9
1999 88     1.5±0.3 288   15.9±1.8 1,627   313.8±15.2 2,003   23.6±1.0
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 88     1.5±0.3 477   26.8±2.4 2,105   415.2±17.7 2,670   32.1±1.2
1997 84     1.4±0.3 456   26.1±2.4 1,886   380.4±17.2 2,426   29.8±1.2
1996 109     1.8±0.3 472   27.5±2.5 1,999   414.6±18.2 2,581   32.4±1.3
1995 103     1.7±0.3 469   27.5±2.5 2,024   432.5±18.8 2,597   33.5±1.3
1994 85     1.4±0.3 475   28.0±2.5 1,917   419.6±18.8 2,477   32.6±1.3
1993 98     1.7±0.3 465   27.7±2.5 2,012   452.8±19.8 2,575   34.9±1.4
1992 71     1.2±0.3 481   28.9±2.6 1,815   420.5±19.3 2,367   32.8±1.3
1991 92     1.6±0.3 487   29.4±2.6 1,839   438.8±20.1 2,418   34.5±1.4
1990 80     1.4±0.3 464   28.2±2.6 1,980   485.2±21.4 2,524   37.1±1.5
1989 82     1.4±0.3 474   28.8±2.6 1,744   437.0±20.5 2,300   34.4±1.4

White Male
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 32     1.2±0.4 154   13.6±2.1 444   206.4±19.2 630   17.1±1.3
2008 31     1.1±0.4 155   14.1±2.2 516   241.2±20.8 702   19.4±1.4
2007 28     1.0±0.4 121   11.3±2.0 485   227.0±20.2 634   17.4±1.4
2006 22     0.8±0.3 149   14.3±2.3 492   231.9±20.5 663   18.6±1.4
2005 34     1.2±0.4 142   14.3±2.3 583   263.3±21.4 759   20.9±1.5
2004 31     1.1±0.4 127   13.0±2.3 558   258.4±21.4 716   20.5±1.5
2003 41     1.4±0.4 148   15.4±2.5 528   255.5±21.8 717   21.4±1.6
2002 40     1.4±0.4 186   19.8±2.8 569   282.4±23.2 795   24.2±1.7
2001 51     1.7±0.5 172   18.7±2.8 574   292.2±23.9 798   25.1±1.8
2000 30     1.0±0.4 132   14.6±2.5 518   270.6±23.3 680   22.4±1.7
1999 51     1.7±0.5 153   17.6±2.8 679   371.0±27.9 883   30.3±2.0
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 45     1.5±0.4 282   33.1±3.9 881   493.4±32.6 1,208   41.7±2.4
1997 51     1.7±0.5 285   34.2±4.0 839   481.4±32.6 1,175   41.2±2.4
1996 63     2.1±0.5 276   33.8±4.0 831   491.4±33.4 1,171   42.1±2.5
1995 61     2.0±0.5 269   33.2±4.0 826   504.1±34.4 1,156   42.9±2.6
1994 51     1.7±0.5 293   36.6±4.2 822   513.4±35.1 1,166   43.8±2.6
1993 66     2.2±0.5 293   36.9±4.2 840   539.5±36.5 1,199   46.4±2.7
1992 34     1.2±0.4 288   36.8±4.3 795   525.6±36.5 1,117   44.4±2.7
1991 55     1.9±0.5 281   36.1±4.2 822   560.5±38.3 1,158   46.9±2.8
1990 49     1.7±0.5 302   39.1±4.4 854   598.0±40.1 1,205   50.7±3.0
1989 39     1.3±0.4 292   37.9±4.3 745   533.3±38.3 1,076   45.8±2.9

White Female
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 28     1.1±0.4 134   11.3±1.9 519   150.5±12.9 681   11.4±0.9
2008 30     1.1±0.4 125   10.9±1.9 690   200.5±15.0 845   14.2±1.0
2007 16     0.6±0.3 98   8.7±1.7 637   184.2±14.3 751   12.3±0.9
2006 21     0.8±0.3 107   9.8±1.9 662   192.1±14.6 790   13.3±0.9
2005 34     1.2±0.4 112   10.6±2.0 814   226.8±15.6 960   15.5±1.0
2004 24     0.9±0.3 148   14.2±2.3 801   226.5±15.7 973   16.1±1.0
2003 38     1.3±0.4 114   11.2±2.0 819   237.9±16.3 971   16.7±1.1
2002 27     0.9±0.4 117   11.7±2.1 813   239.2±16.4 957   16.8±1.1
2001 39     1.4±0.4 135   13.7±2.3 797   237.1±16.5 971   17.4±1.1
2000 29     1.0±0.4 112   11.6±2.1 760   229.2±16.3 901   16.4±1.1
1999 37     1.3±0.4 135   14.4±2.4 947   282.3±18.0 1,119   20.1±1.2
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 43     1.5±0.4 195   21.0±3.0 1,224   372.6±20.9 1,462   26.8±1.4
1997 33     1.1±0.4 171   18.7±2.8 1,047   325.6±19.7 1,251   23.5±1.3
1996 46     1.6±0.5 196   21.8±3.0 1,168   373.0±21.4 1,410   27.1±1.4
1995 42     1.4±0.4 200   22.3±3.1 1,198   393.9±22.3 1,441   28.5±1.5
1994 34     1.2±0.4 182   20.4±3.0 1,095   369.0±21.9 1,311   26.5±1.4
1993 32     1.1±0.4 172   19.4±2.9 1,172   406.0±23.2 1,376   28.5±1.5
1992 37     1.3±0.4 193   21.9±3.1 1,020   363.7±22.3 1,250   26.7±1.5
1991 37     1.3±0.4 206   23.4±3.2 1,017   373.2±22.9 1,260   27.6±1.5
1990 31     1.1±0.4 162   18.5±2.8 1,123   423.3±24.8 1,316   29.7±1.6
1989 43     1.5±0.4 182   20.8±3.0 999   385.1±23.9 1,224   28.3±1.6

Black
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 21     1.9±0.8 52   16.8±4.6 103   174.3±33.7 176   16.9±2.5
2008 37     3.3±1.1 96   32.0±6.4 122   207.6±36.8 255   22.7±2.8
2007 29     2.5±0.9 79   26.9±5.9 115   196.8±36.0 223   20.0±2.7
2006 21     1.8±0.8 56   19.6±5.1 121   209.4±37.3 198   18.5±2.6
2005 33     2.8±1.0 67   24.3±5.8 106   174.5±33.2 206   18.7±2.6
2004 38     3.3±1.0 80   29.7±6.5 126   213.2±37.2 244   22.4±2.9
2003 36     3.1±1.0 84   31.5±6.7 106   184.5±35.1 226   21.1±2.8
2002 42     3.6±1.1 78   30.0±6.7 125   223.1±39.1 245   23.5±3.0
2001 56     4.8±1.3 79   31.1±6.9 145   266.5±43.4 280   27.5±3.3
2000 55     4.7±1.2 74   29.9±6.8 112   212.1±39.3 241   23.6±3.0
1999 43     3.8±1.1 83   34.7±7.5 150   270.5±43.3 276   27.6±3.3
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 64     5.7±1.4 127   54.5±9.5 223   414.0±54.3 414   42.4±4.1
1997 62     5.5±1.4 108   47.4±8.9 194   371.9±52.3 364   38.3±4.0
1996 73     6.5±1.5 134   60.1±10.2 194   384.9±54.2 402   42.3±4.2
1995 68     6.1±1.4 119   54.1±9.7 200   411.1±57.0 387   42.7±4.4
1994 80     7.2±1.6 108   49.8±9.4 197   419.5±58.6 385   43.3±4.5
1993 77     7.0±1.6 118   55.0±9.9 179   393.2±57.6 374   41.9±4.4
1992 79     7.3±1.6 100   47.3±9.3 137   308.7±51.7 316   35.3±4.0
1991 79     7.4±1.6 91   43.4±8.9 163   376.5±57.8 333   38.4±4.3
1990 58     5.5±1.4 110   53.0±9.9 148   350.1±56.4 316   37.9±4.3
1989 77     7.4±1.7 93   45.0±9.2 148   360.8±58.1 318   38.3±4.4

Black Male
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 9     1.7±1.1 28   20.7±7.7 47   222.2±63.5 84   21.7±4.8
2008 24     4.4±1.8 51   38.6±10.6 62   291.2±72.5 137   30.7±5.3
2007 14     2.5±1.3 43   33.2±9.9 55   258.6±68.4 112   26.2±5.0
2006 12     2.1±1.2 36   28.7±9.4 58   275.7±71.0 106   25.4±5.0
2005 21     3.7±1.6 34   28.2±9.5 47   208.9±59.7 102   22.9±4.6
2004 17     3.0±1.4 47   39.8±11.4 60   275.5±69.7 124   29.9±5.5
2003 18     3.2±1.5 53   45.1±12.1 44   208.6±61.6 115   27.0±5.2
2002 26     4.6±1.8 43   37.4±11.2 62   302.9±75.4 131   32.6±5.9
2001 30     5.3±1.9 48   42.7±12.1 66   332.4±80.2 144   36.4±6.3
2000 36     6.4±2.1 43   39.2±11.7 49   255.5±71.5 128   30.8±5.7
1999 25     4.6±1.8 51   48.8±13.4 57   288.7±74.9 133   34.1±6.1
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 43     7.9±2.4 96   94.2±18.9 87   454.3±95.5 226   57.4±7.9
1997 38     7.0±2.2 60   60.2±15.2 84   452.6±96.8 182   48.9±7.5
1996 42     7.8±2.4 83   85.0±18.3 99   551.1±108.6 224   62.3±8.7
1995 42     7.9±2.4 82   85.1±18.4 101   583.4±113.8 225   63.2±8.8
1994 45     8.5±2.5 67   70.5±16.9 100   597.6±117.1 212   61.6±8.8
1993 47     9.0±2.6 74   78.8±18.0 88   538.8±112.6 209   58.5±8.5
1992 49     9.5±2.7 69   74.5±17.6 66   411.4±99.2 184   50.1±7.8
1991 48     9.4±2.7 59   64.0±16.3 68   433.5±103.0 175   49.0±7.9
1990 29     5.8±2.1 68   74.4±17.7 81   526.7±114.7 178   54.8±8.6
1989 48     9.7±2.7 71   77.8±18.1 66   440.6±106.3 185   53.2±8.3

Black Female
Year Age Under 50 Age 50 - 74 Age 75 & Older Total Deaths Age-Adjusted
Rate
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
2009 12     2.1±1.2 24   13.8±5.5 56   147.5±38.6 92   14.2±2.9
2008 13     2.3±1.2 45   26.8±7.8 60   160.1±40.5 118   17.4±3.1
2007 15     2.6±1.3 36   21.9±7.1 60   161.4±40.9 111   16.2±3.0
2006 9     1.5±1.0 20   12.5±5.5 63   171.4±42.3 92   14.1±2.9
2005 12     2.0±1.1 33   21.3±7.3 59   154.3±39.4 104   15.9±3.1
2004 21     3.5±1.5 33   21.8±7.4 66   176.9±42.7 120   17.9±3.2
2003 18     3.0±1.4 31   20.8±7.3 62   170.5±42.4 111   17.3±3.2
2002 16     2.7±1.3 35   24.1±8.0 63   177.2±43.7 114   18.2±3.4
2001 26     4.3±1.7 31   21.9±7.7 79   228.7±50.4 136   22.1±3.7
2000 19     3.2±1.4 31   22.5±7.9 63   187.4±46.3 113   18.6±3.4
1999 18     3.1±1.4 32   23.7±8.2 93   260.4±52.9 143   23.4±3.8
Note: The manner in which underlying cause of death is coded and classified was revised in 1999 to reflect changing medical opinion and practice. The comparability between classification schemes for this particular cause of death is lower (0.70), meaning that caution should be taken in drawing specific inferences from comparisons of mortality statistics over time.
1998 21     3.6±1.5 31   23.6±8.3 136   391.8±65.9 188   31.9±4.6
1997 24     4.1±1.6 48   37.5±10.6 110   327.4±61.2 182   31.4±4.6
1996 31     5.3±1.9 51   40.7±11.2 95   292.9±58.9 178   30.5±4.5
1995 26     4.5±1.7 37   29.9±9.6 99   315.9±62.2 162   29.8±4.6
1994 35     6.1±2.0 41   33.7±10.3 97   320.9±63.9 173   31.9±4.8
1993 30     5.3±1.9 44   36.5±10.8 91   311.7±64.0 165   30.7±4.8
1992 30     5.3±1.9 31   26.1±9.2 71   250.6±58.3 132   25.4±4.4
1991 31     5.6±2.0 32   27.2±9.4 95   344.1±69.2 158   31.0±4.9
1990 29     5.3±1.9 42   36.1±10.9 67   249.1±59.6 138   27.4±4.7
1989 29     5.3±1.9 22   19.1±8.0 82   314.9±68.2 133   27.6±4.8

 

Note: Rates are based on age-specific death rates per 100,000 population in specified group.  Computed by the direct method, using as the standard population the age distribution of the total population of the United States as projected for the year 2000.

The true rate lies between the lower and upper bounds of the interval with 95% statistical confidence.

The underlying cause of death is the condition giving rise to the chain of events leading to death. Between January 1, 1979 and December 31, 1998, the underlying causes of death were classified in accordance with the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9), a coding structure developed by the World Health Organization. Starting January 1, 1999, causes of death were classified using the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). With each revision there are differences in classifying the underlying cause of death. Therefore, health statistics based on one revision are not directly comparable to the other revision without the use of comparability ratios.

Before 1999, Pneumonia and Influenza deaths were classified with ICD-9 codes 480-487. Starting in 1999, Pneumonia and Influenza deaths were classified using ICD-10 codes J10-J18.
Source: 1989-2009 Michigan Resident Death Files, Division for Vital Records & Health Statistics, Michigan Department of Community Health.
Population Estimate (latest update 9/2009), National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. Census Populations With Bridged Race Categories

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Date Created: 3/1/2011